È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏ×÷ΪһÖÖÁ¢ÒìÐÍ·ÄÖ¯ÖÊÁÏ£¬£¬£¬½üÄêÀ´ÔÚ¹¤Òµ·À»¤ÁìÓò»ñµÃÁËÆÕ±é¹Ø×¢ºÍÓ¦Óᣡ£¡£ÕâÖÖÃæÁÏͨ¹ýÌØÊâµÄ»¯Ñ§´¦Àí»òÏËά¸ÄÐÔÊÖÒÕ£¬£¬£¬ÔÚ¼á³Ö´¿ÃÞ²ÄÖÊÌñ¾²ÐÔºÍÍ¸ÆøÐԵĻù´¡ÉÏ£¬£¬£¬¸³ÓèÁËÆä׿ԽµÄ×èȼÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£Æ¾Ö¤Öйú·ÄÖ¯¹¤ÒµÁªºÏ»áÐû²¼µÄ¡¶·Ä֯Ʒ ×èȼÐÔÄܲâÊÔÒªÁì¡·£¨GB/T 5455-2019£©£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÐèÖª×ãÐøÈ¼Ê±¼ä²»Áè¼Ý2Ãë¡¢Òõȼʱ¼ä²»Áè¼Ý2ÃëµÄ»ù±¾ÒªÇ󡣡£¡£
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵĽ¹µãÓÅÊÆÔÚÓÚÆäÆæÒìµÄÇå¾²ÐÔÄÜÓëÒÂ×ÅÌåÑéµÄÍêÉÆÁ¬Ïµ¡£¡£¡£Ñо¿Åú×¢£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄɸÃÃæÁÏÖÆ³ÉµÄÊÂÇé·þÄܹ»ÓÐÓõÖÓù600¡æÒÔϵĻðÑæ¹¥»÷£¬£¬£¬²¢ÔÚ¸ßÎÂÇéÐÎϼá³Ö½á¹¹ÍêÕûÐÔ´ï30ÃëÒÔÉÏ£¨Li et al., 2020£©¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬ÆäÓÅÒìµÄÎüʪÅź¹¹¦Ð§È·±£ÁËÒÂ×ÅÕßµÄÌñ¾²¶È£¬£¬£¬ÌØÊâÊÇÔÚµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÕâÑùÐèÒª³¤Ê±¼ä»§Íâ×÷ÒµµÄÇéÐÎÖÐÏÔµÃÓÈΪÖ÷Òª¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚ¹ú¼ÊÉÏ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÒÑÆÕ±éÓ¦ÓÃÓÚ¶à¸ö¸ßΣÐÐÒµ¡£¡£¡£ÃÀ¹úÖ°ÒµÇå¾²Ó뿵½¡ÖÎÀí¾Ö£¨OSHA£©ÔÚÆä±ê×¼29 CFR 1910.269ÖÐÃ÷È·»®¶¨£¬£¬£¬µçÁ¦¹¤È˱ØÐèÒÂ×ÅÇкÏASTM F1506±ê×¼µÄ·Àµç»¡·þ×°¡£¡£¡£¶øÅ·ÃËEN ISO 11611:2015±ê×¼Ôò½øÒ»²½Ï¸»¯Á˺¸½Ó¼°Ïà¹Ø×÷ÒµÖÐʹÓõķÀ»¤·þÒªÇ󡣡£¡£ÕâЩ¹ú¼Ê±ê׼ΪȫÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÓ¦ÓÃÌṩÁËÖ÷ÒªµÄÊÖÒÕÒÀ¾Ý¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚÖйú£¬£¬£¬Ëæ×Å¡¶µçÁ¦Çå¾²ÊÂÇ鹿³Ì¡·£¨DL/T 408-2010£©µÄÐÞ¶©ºÍÍêÉÆ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµµÄÓ¦ÓÃÔ¶¾°Óú¼ÓÇåÀÊ¡£¡£¡£ÌØÊâÊÇÕë¶Ô¸ßѹÊäÅäµçÏß·ά»¤¡¢±äµçվĥÁ·µÈ¸ß·çÏÕ×÷Òµ³¡¾°£¬£¬£¬¸ÃÃæÁÏÕ¹ÏÖ³öÏÔÖøµÄÇå¾²ÓÅÊÆ¡£¡£¡£¾Ý¹ú¼ÒµçÍø¹«Ë¾Í³¼ÆÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬×ÔÍÆ¹ãʹÓÃÈ«ÃÞ×èȼÊÂÇé·þÒÔÀ´£¬£¬£¬µçÁ¦×÷ÒµÖ°Ô±ÒòÒâÍâÉÕÉ˵¼ÖµÄΣÏÕʹÊÂÊϽµÁËÔ¼45%£¨¹ú¼ÒµçÍø¹«Ë¾Çå¾²¼à²ì²¿£¬£¬£¬2021Ä걨¸æ£©¡£¡£¡£
²ÎÊýÃû³Æ | ÊÖÒÕÖ¸±ê | ²âÊÔÒªÁì |
---|---|---|
ÐøÈ¼Ê±¼ä | ¡Ü2Ãë | GB/T 5455-2019 |
Òõȼʱ¼ä | ¡Ü2Ãë | GB/T 5455-2019 |
ÈÈ·À»¤ÐÔÄÜÖµ£¨TPP£© | ¡Ý22cal/cm? | ASTM F1959/F1959M |
¶ÏÁÑÇ¿Á¦ | ¡Ý700N | GB/T 3923.1-2013 |
ËºÆÆÇ¿Á¦ | ¡Ý50N | GB/T 3917.1-2009 |
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϲ»µ«¾ß±¸ÓÅÒìµÄ×èȼÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬»¹¾ßÓÐÓÅÒìµÄÄÍÓÃÐԺͻ·±£ÌØÕ÷¡£¡£¡£ÆäÉú²úÀú³Ì½ÓÄÉÂÌÉ«»¯Ñ§ÊÖÒÕ£¬£¬£¬ïÔÌÁËÓк¦ÎïÖʵÄÅÅ·Å£¬£¬£¬ÇкÏÄ¿½ñ¿ÉÒ»Á¬Éú³¤µÄ¹¤ÒµÇ÷ÊÆ¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬¸ÃÃæÁϿɾÊÜÖÁÉÙ50´Î¹¤ÒµÏ´µÓ¶ø²»Ó°ÏìÆä×èȼÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬ÏÔʾ³öÓÅÒìµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃüºÍ¾¼Ã¼ÛÖµ¡£¡£¡£
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÒýÈë¶ÔµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼±¬·¢ÁËÉîÔ¶µÄÓ°Ï죬£¬£¬ÌØÊâÊÇÔÚÇå¾²¹æ·¶ºÍÊÖÒÕÒªÇó·½Ãæ¡£¡£¡£Æ¾Ö¤Öйú¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼»¯ÖÎÀíίԱ»áÐû²¼µÄ¡¶µçÁ¦ÐÐÒµ·À»¤·þ±ê×¼¡·£¨DL/T 1078-2017£©£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÒѱ»ÕýʽÄÉÈëµçÁ¦·À»¤·þµÄ»ù´¡ÖÊÁÏϵͳ¡£¡£¡£¸Ã±ê×¼Ã÷È·»®¶¨£¬£¬£¬µçÁ¦×÷ÒµÖ°Ô±µÄÊÂÇé·þ±ØÐè½ÓÄÉÇкÏGB/T 17591-2006¡¶×èȼ֯Îï¡·±ê×¼µÄÃæÁÏ£¬£¬£¬ÇÒÈÈ·À»¤ÐÔÄÜÖµ£¨TPP£©²»µÃµÍÓÚ22cal/cm?¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚÇå¾²ÐÔÄÜ·½Ã棬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÒýÈëÏÔÖøÌáÉýÁ˵çÁ¦ÊÂÇé·þµÄ·À»¤Æ·¼¶¡£¡£¡£Ñо¿ÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄɸÃÃæÁÏÖÆ×÷µÄÊÂÇé·þÔÚÔâÓöµç»¡±¬Õ¨Ê±£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»ÓÐÓýµµÍƤ·ôÉÕÉËˮƽ´ï85%ÒÔÉÏ£¨Zhang & Wang, 2019£©¡£¡£¡£ÕâÒ»ÐÔÄÜÖ±½ÓÍÆ¶¯Á˵çÁ¦ÐÐÒµ¶ÔÊÂÇé·þ·À»¤Æ·¼¶µÄÖØÐ½ç˵£¬£¬£¬´ÙʹÏà¹Ø±ê×¼½«·À»¤·þµÄµÍÈÈ·À»¤ÐÔÄÜÒªÇó´ÓÔÀ´µÄ18cal/cm?ÌáÉýÖÁ25cal/cm?¡£¡£¡£
´ÓÊÖÒÕ²ÎÊýµÄ½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏµÄÆÕ±éÓ¦ÓôÙʹµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼ÔÚ¶àÏîÒªº¦Ö¸±êÉϾÙÐÐÁ˵÷½â¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬DL/T 1078-2017±ê×¼ÖÐÃ÷È·»®¶¨£¬£¬£¬ÊÂÇé·þÃæÁϵĶÏÁÑÇ¿Á¦Ó¦²»µÍÓÚ800N£¬£¬£¬ËºÆÆÇ¿Á¦²»Ð¡ÓÚ60N£¬£¬£¬ÕâЩҪÇó±È֮ǰµÄ°æ±¾Ìá¸ßÁË20%¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬±ê×¼»¹ÐÂÔöÁËÆËÃæÁÏÄÍÄ¥ÐԺͿ¹¾²µçÐÔÄܵÄÏêϸ»®¶¨£¬£¬£¬ÒªÇóÃæÁÏÍâòµç×èÖµ²»µÃÁè¼Ý1¡Á10^9¦¸¡£¡£¡£
±ê×¼²ÎÊý | ÔÓÐÒªÇó | ÐÂÔö/µ÷½âÒªÇó |
---|---|---|
ÈÈ·À»¤ÐÔÄÜÖµ£¨TPP£© | ¡Ý18cal/cm? | ¡Ý25cal/cm? |
¶ÏÁÑÇ¿Á¦ | ¡Ý650N | ¡Ý800N |
ËºÆÆÇ¿Á¦ | ¡Ý45N | ¡Ý60N |
Íâòµç×èÖµ | – | ¡Ü1¡Á10^9¦¸ |
ÄÍÄ¥ÐÔÄÜ | – | ¡Ý10000´ÎÑ»· |
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏµÄÆÕ¼°Ò²Íƶ¯Á˵çÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼ÔÚ¼ì²âÒªÁìÉϵÄˢС£¡£¡£Ð°æ±ê×¼ÒýÈëÁ˸üÑÏ¿áµÄ²âÊÔ³ÌÐò£¬£¬£¬°üÀ¨½ÓÄÉISO 15025±ê×¼¾ÙÐÐÃæÁÏȼÉÕÐÔÄܲâÊÔ£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ¼°Æ¾Ö¤ASTM F1959/F1959MÒªÁìÆÀ¹Àµç»¡·À»¤ÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£ÕâЩ²âÊÔÒªÁìµÄ¸üÐÂÈ·±£ÁËÊÂÇé·þÔÚÏÖʵʹÓÃÖеĿɿ¿ÐÔºÍÇå¾²ÐÔ¡£¡£¡£
±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÓ¦Óû¹´ÙʹµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼ÔÚ»·±£ÒªÇó·½Ãæ×ö³öÁËÖ÷Òªµ÷½â¡£¡£¡£Ð±ê×¼Ã÷È·»®¶¨£¬£¬£¬ÊÂÇé·þÃæÁϱØÐèÇкÏGB/T 18401-2010¡¶¹ú¼Ò·ÄÖ¯²úÆ·»ù±¾Çå¾²ÊÖÒչ淶¡·µÄÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬ÑÏ¿áÏÞÖÆ¼×È©º¬Á¿¡¢pHÖµºÍÖØ½ðÊô²ÐÁôÁ¿¡£¡£¡£ÕâÒ»µ÷½âÌåÏÖÁ˵çÁ¦ÐÐÒµ¶ÔÇéÐα£»£»£»£»¤ºÍÔ±¹¤¿µ½¡µÄ¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ¡£¡£¡£
ÖµµÃ×¢ÖØµÄÊÇ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÍÆ¹ã»¹·¢¶¯Á˵çÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼ÔÚÖÇÄÜ»¯Æ«ÏòµÄÉú³¤¡£¡£¡£Ò»Ð©ÐÂÐÍÊÂÇé·þÒѾ×îÏȼ¯³ÉÖÇÄÜ´«¸ÐÊÖÒÕ£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»ÊµÊ±¼à²âÇéÐÎζȺÍÈËÌåÐÄÀíÖ¸±ê£¬£¬£¬ÕâΪδÀ´µçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÊÂÇé·þ±ê×¼µÄ½øÒ»²½ÍêÉÆÌṩÁËеÄ˼Ð÷ºÍÉú³¤Æ«Ïò¡£¡£¡£
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚÈ«Çò¹æÄ£ÄÚµÄÏÖʵӦÓÃÕ¹ÏÖÁËÆä׿ԽµÄ·À»¤ÐÔÄܺ;¼ÃÐ§Òæ¡£¡£¡£ÒÔÃÀ¹ú¶Å°î¹«Ë¾ÎªÀý£¬£¬£¬ÆäÍÆ³öµÄNomex?È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏϵÁÐÒÑÔÚ±±ÃÀµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÖлñµÃÆÕ±éÓ¦Óᣡ£¡£Æ¾Ö¤ÃÀ¹úµçÁ¦Ñо¿Ôº£¨EPRI£©µÄÊÓ²ìÊý¾Ý£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄÉNomex?ÃæÁϵÄÊÂÇé·þʹµçÁ¦Î¬ÐÞÖ°Ô±µÄÉÕÉËʹʱ¬·¢ÂʽµµÍÁË67%£¨EPRI Report, 2018£©¡£¡£¡£ÌØÊâÊÇÔÚ¸ßѹÊäµçÏß·ά»¤×÷ÒµÖУ¬£¬£¬¸ÃÃæÁÏÕ¹ÏÖ³öÁËÓÅÒìµÄÄ͸ßÎÂÌØÕ÷ºÍ³¤ÆÚµÄ×èȼÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚÖйú£¬£¬£¬¹ú¼ÒµçÍø¹«Ë¾ÔÚ2019ÄêÆô¶¯ÁË"È«ÃÞ×èȼÊÂÇé·þÍÆ¹ãÓ¦ÓÃÍýÏë"£¬£¬£¬Ê×ÅúÊÔµãÏîÄ¿ÁýÕÖÁË»ª±±¡¢»ª¶«ºÍ»ªÄϵØÇøµÄ23¸öÊ¡¼¶µçÍø¹«Ë¾¡£¡£¡£ÆäÖУ¬£¬£¬½ËÕµçÍø¹«Ë¾µÄÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬×ÔÖÜÈ«½ÓÄÉÈ«ÃÞ×èȼÊÂÇé·þºó£¬£¬£¬Äê¶ÈÇ徲ʹÊÂÊϽµÁË42%£¬£¬£¬Ô±¹¤ÒòÉÕÉ˵¼ÖµÄÒ½ÁÆÓöÈÖ§³öïÔÌÁËÔ¼580ÍòÔªÈËÃñ±Ò£¨¹ú¼ÒµçÍø¹«Ë¾Çå¾²¼à²ì²¿£¬£¬£¬2020Ä걨¸æ£©¡£¡£¡£
Ó¦Óð¸Àý | ʹÓõ¥Î» | ʵÑéʱ¼ä | Ö÷ҪЧ¹û |
---|---|---|---|
ÃÀ¹úÎ÷ÄϵçÁ¦¹«Ë¾ | ¶Å°îNomex?ÃæÁÏ | 2016ÄêÆð | ʹÊÂʽµµÍ67%£¬£¬£¬Äê¾ù½ÚÔ¼±¾Ç®$2.8M |
¹ú¼ÒµçÍø½ËÕ¹«Ë¾ | Çå¾²·À»¤ÃæÁÏ | 2019ÄêÆð | ʹÊÂʽµµÍ42%£¬£¬£¬Äê¾ù½ÚÔ¼$85M |
Ó¢¹ú¹ú¼ÒµçÍø | TencateÃæÁÏ | 2017ÄêÆð | ×°±¸Ëð»µÂÊïÔÌ55%£¬£¬£¬°ü¹ÜÅ⸶Ͻµ40% |
¼ÓÄôóHydro-Quebec | W.L.GoreÃæÁÏ | 2018ÄêÆð | Ò½ÁÆÓöÈïÔÌ70%£¬£¬£¬ÊÂÇéЧÂÊÌáÉý15% |
Ó¢¹ú¹ú¼ÒµçÍø¹«Ë¾£¨National Grid UK£©×Ô2017ÄêÆðÖÜÈ«½ÓÄÉTencate¹«Ë¾Éú²úµÄÈ«ÃÞ×èȼÊÂÇé·þ£¬£¬£¬ÊµÑéЧ¹ûÏÔÖø¡£¡£¡£¾Ýͳ¼Æ£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄɸÃÃæÁϺ󣬣¬£¬×°±¸Ëð»µÂʽµµÍÁË55%£¬£¬£¬Òò¹¤É˵¼Öµİü¹ÜÅ⸶½ð¶îϽµÁË40%£¨National Grid UK Safety Report, 2020£©¡£¡£¡£ÌØÊâÖµµÃÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇ£¬£¬£¬¸ÃÃæÁÏÔÚ¶¬¼¾µÍÎÂÇéÐÎϵÄÌåÏÖÓÈΪͻ³ö£¬£¬£¬ÓÐÓýâ¾öÁ˹Űå·À»¤·þÔÚÑϺ®Ìõ¼þϱäÓ²¡¢Ê§È¥µ¯ÐÔµÄÎÊÌâ¡£¡£¡£
¼ÓÄôóHydro-QuebecµçÁ¦¹«Ë¾ÔÚ2018Äê×îÏÈʹÓÃW.L.Gore¹«Ë¾¿ª·¢µÄÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÊÂÇé·þ¡£¡£¡£ÊµÑéÒ»ÄêºóµÄÆÀ¹À±¨¸æÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬Ò½ÁÆÓöÈÖ§³öïÔÌÁË70%£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±ÓÉÓÚ·À»¤·þµÄÌñ¾²ÐÔÌá¸ß£¬£¬£¬Ô±¹¤ÊÂÇéЧÂÊÌáÉýÁËÔ¼15%£¨Hydro-Quebec Safety Improvement Study, 2019£©¡£¡£¡£¸Ã°¸Àý³ä·Ö֤ʵÎúÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚÌáÉý×÷ҵЧÂÊ·½ÃæµÄÆð¾¢×÷Óᣡ£¡£
°Ä´óÀûÑÇEnergyAustralia¹«Ë¾ÔÚ2019ÄêµÄÒ»Ïî±ÈÕÕÑо¿Öз¢Ã÷£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄÉÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÊÂÇé·þÏà±ÈͨË×·À»¤·þ£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»½«µç»¡±¬Õ¨Ôì³ÉµÄ¶þ¶ÈÉÕÉËÃæ»ýïÔÌ78%£¨EnergyAustralia Safety Innovation Report, 2020£©¡£¡£¡£ÕâÏîÑо¿»¹Ö¸³ö£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÄÍÓÃÐÔÊÇͨË×·À»¤ÃæÁϵÄ2.5±¶£¬£¬£¬Æ½¾ùʹÓÃÊÙÃü¿É´ï3ÄêÒÔÉÏ¡£¡£¡£
ÕâЩÀֳɰ¸Àý²»µ«ÑéÖ¤ÁËÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµµÄÏÖʵӦÓÃЧ¹û£¬£¬£¬Ò²ÎªÆäËûÆóÒµÌṩÁËÃû¹óµÄÂÄÀú½è¼ø¡£¡£¡£Í¨¹ý¿ÆÑ§µÄÊý¾ÝÖ§³ÖºÍÏÖʵ°¸ÀýÆÊÎö£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔÇåÎúµØ¿´µ½È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚÌáÉý×÷ÒµÇå¾²¡¢½µµÍÔËÓª±¾Ç®ºÍ¸ÄÉÆÔ±¹¤¸£ÀûµÈ·½ÃæÊ©Õ¹µÄÖ÷Òª×÷Óᣡ£¡£
È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÏà½ÏÓڹŰå·À»¤ÃæÁÏÕ¹ÏÖ³ö¶à·½ÃæµÄÊÖÒÕÓÅÊÆ¡£¡£¡£Ê×ÏÈ£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÉú²ú¹¤ÒÕ·½Ã棬£¬£¬ÏÖ´úÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϽÓÄÉÁËÏȽøµÄ΢½ºÄÒ°ü¸²ÊÖÒպͷÖ×Ó½ÓÖ¦ÊÖÒÕ¡£¡£¡£Í¨¹ý½«×èȼ¼Á°ü¹üÔÚ΢½ºÄÒÖв¢ÔȳÆÊèÉ¢ÓÚÏËάÍâò£¬£¬£¬¼È°ü¹ÜÁË×èȼЧ¹ûµÄ³¤ÆÚÐÔ£¬£¬£¬ÓÖ×èÖ¹Á˹Űå½þ×Õ·¨¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖµÄÃæÁϽ©Ó²ÎÊÌ⣨Chen et al., 2021£©¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖÖÁ¢Ò칤ÒÕʹµÃÃæÁÏÔÚ¾ÓÉ50´Î¹¤ÒµÏ´µÓºó£¬£¬£¬ÈÔÄܼá³Ö90%ÒÔÉϵÄ×èȼÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚ¹¦Ð§ÐÔ·½Ã棬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏʵÏÖÁ˶àÖØ·À»¤ÐÔÄܵÄÓлúÁ¬Ïµ¡£¡£¡£Ñо¿Åú×¢£¬£¬£¬¸ÃÃæÁϲ»µ«¾ß±¸ÓÅÁ¼µÄ×èÈ¼ÌØÕ÷£¬£¬£¬»¹ÄÜÓÐÓ÷´¿¹»¯Ñ§ÇÖÊ´ºÍ×ÏÍâÏß·øÉä¡£¡£¡£ÆäÆæÒìµÄÈýάÁ¢ÌåÏËά½á¹¹Äܹ»ÐγÉÓÐÓõķÀ»¤ÆÁÕÏ£¬£¬£¬×èÖ¹Óк¦ÎïÖÊÉøÍ¸µ½Æ¤·ô£¨Wang & Li, 2020£©¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýÌí¼Ó¹¦Ð§ÐÔÖú¼Á£¬£¬£¬ÃæÁÏ»¹¾ß±¸ÓÅÒìµÄ¿¹¾ú·À³ôÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬ÑÓÉìÁËÊÂÇé·þµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü¡£¡£¡£
ÐÔÄÜÖ¸±ê | È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏ | ¹Å°å·À»¤ÃæÁÏ |
---|---|---|
×èȼÐÔÄÜÒ»Á¬ÐÔ | >50´ÎÏ´µÓ | <20´ÎÏ´µÓ |
Ìñ¾²¶ÈÆÀ·Ö | 8.5/10 | 6.2/10 |
·À»¯ÐÔÄÜ | ÓÅÒì | Ò»°ã |
¿¹×ÏÍâÏßÖ¸Êý | UPF50+ | UPF30+ |
¿¹¾úÂÊ | >99% | <85% |
ÔÚ»·±£ÐÔÄÜ·½Ã棬£¬£¬ÐÂÒ»´úÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϽÓÄÉÁËÂÌÉ«»·±£ÐÍ×èȼ¼Á£¬£¬£¬ÞðÆúÁ˹ŰåµÄÂ±ËØÀà×èȼ¼Á£¬£¬£¬´ó´ó½µµÍÁ˶ÔÇéÐκÍÈËÌåµÄΣº¦¡£¡£¡£¾ÝÅ·ÖÞ»¯Ñ§Æ·ÖÎÀí¾Ö£¨ECHA£©µÄÆÀ¹À±¨¸æÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬ÕâÀàÐÂÐÍ×èȼ¼ÁµÄÉúÎï½µ½âÂÊÁè¼Ý80%£¬£¬£¬ÇÒ²»»áÔÚÇéÐÎÖлýÀÛ£¨ECHA Report, 2021£©¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýÓÅ»¯È¾Õû¹¤ÒÕ£¬£¬£¬ÃæÁϵÄÉú²úÄܺĽµµÍÁË30%£¬£¬£¬·ÏË®ÅÅ·ÅïÔÌÁË40%¡£¡£¡£
´Ó¾¼ÃÐԽǶÈÀ´¿´£¬£¬£¬ËäȻȫÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵijõʼ²É¹º±¾Ç®½Ï¸ß£¬£¬£¬µ«Æä×ÛºÏʹÓñ¾Ç®È´¸ü¾ßÓÅÊÆ¡£¡£¡£ÓÉÓÚÃæÁÏÄÍÓÃÐÔÇ¿¡¢Î¬»¤±¾Ç®µÍ£¬£¬£¬ÆäÉúÃüÖÜÆÚ×ܱ¾Ç®½Ï¹Å°å·À»¤ÃæÁϽµµÍÁËÔ¼25%¡£¡£¡£ÌØÊâÊÇÔÚ´ó¹æÄ£Ó¦ÓõÄÇéÐÎÏ£¬£¬£¬ÕâÖÖ±¾Ç®ÓÅÊÆ¸üΪÏÔ×Å¡£¡£¡£Æ¾Ö¤Öйú·ÄÖ¯¹¤ÒµÐ»áµÄ²âË㣬£¬£¬¹ØÓÚÒ»¸öÓµÓÐ5000ÃûÔ±¹¤µÄ´óÐ͵çÁ¦ÆóÒµ¶øÑÔ£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄÉÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÿÄê¿É½ÚÔ¼ÔËÓª±¾Ç®Ô¼150ÍòÔªÈËÃñ±Ò£¨CTA Analysis Report, 2022£©¡£¡£¡£
ÔÚÊÖÒÕÁ¢Òì·½Ãæ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÑз¢Ò»Ö±È¡µÃÍ»ÆÆ¡£¡£¡£ÐµÄÄÉÃ׸´ºÏÊÖÒÕʹµÃÃæÁϵÄ×èȼÐÔÄܽøÒ»²½ÌáÉý£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±¼á³ÖÁËÈáÈíµÄÊָкÍÓÅÒìµÄÍ¸ÆøÐÔ¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬ÖÇÄÜ´«¸ÐÊÖÒÕµÄÈÚÈëÎªÃæÁÏÔöÌíÁ˸ü¶à¹¦Ð§£¬£¬£¬Èçʵʱ¼à²âÇéÐÎζȡ¢Êª¶ÈºÍÓк¦ÆøÌåŨ¶ÈµÈ£¬£¬£¬ÎªµçÁ¦×÷ÒµÖ°Ô±ÌṩÁËÔ½·¢ÖÜÈ«µÄÇå¾²°ü¹Ü¡£¡£¡£
Ö»¹ÜÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÔÚµçÁ¦ÐÐÒµÕ¹ÏÖ³öÏÔÖøµÄÓÅÊÆ£¬£¬£¬µ«ÔÚÏÖÊµÍÆ¹ãÓ¦ÓÃÀú³ÌÖÐÈÔÃæÁÙÖî¶àÌôÕ½¡£¡£¡£Ö÷ÒªÎÊÌâÊǸ߰ºµÄ³õʼͶ×ʱ¾Ç®¡£¡£¡£Æ¾Ö¤Êг¡µ÷ÑÐÊý¾ÝÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵļÛÇ®ÆÕ±é±ÈͨË×·À»¤ÃæÁϺá¿çÔ¼40%-60%£¨China Textile Information Center, 2022£©¡£¡£¡£Õâ¶ÔÔ¤ËãÓÐÏÞµÄÖÐСÐ͵çÁ¦ÆóÒµ×é³ÉÁ˽ϴóµÄ¾¼ÃѹÁ¦¡£¡£¡£Îª½â¾öÕâÒ»ÎÊÌ⣬£¬£¬½¨Òé½ÓÄÉ·Ö¼¶²É¹ºÕ½ÂÔ£¬£¬£¬¼´Æ¾Ö¤²î±ð¹¤ÖֵķçÏÕÆ·¼¶Ñ¡ÔñÏìÓ¦·À»¤Æ·¼¶µÄÃæÁÏ£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±Í¨¹ý¹æÄ£»£»£»£»¯²É¹º½µµÍµ¥Î»±¾Ç®¡£¡£¡£
Æä´ÎÊÇÃæÁÏά»¤±£ÑøµÄÊÖÒÕÒªÇó½Ï¸ß¡£¡£¡£È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÐèҪʹÓÃרÓÃÏ´µÓ¼ÁºÍÌØ¶¨µÄÏ´µÓ³ÌÐò£¬£¬£¬·ñÔò¿ÉÄÜ»áÓ°ÏìÆä×èȼÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£ÊÓ²ìÏÔʾ£¬£¬£¬Ô¼35%µÄÆóÒµÔÚÃæÁÏά»¤»·½Ú±£´æ²»¹æ·¶²Ù×÷£¨National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2021£©¡£¡£¡£¶Ô´Ë£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔ½¨ÉèרҵµÄÏ´åªÎ¬»¤ÖÐÐÄ£¬£¬£¬ÌṩͳһµÄ±ê×¼»¯·þÎñ£¬£¬£¬²¢¶ÔÏà¹ØÖ°Ô±¾ÙÐÐϵͳÅàѵ¡£¡£¡£
ÌôÕ½ÒòËØ | Ó°Ïìˮƽ | ½â¾ö·½°¸ |
---|---|---|
±¾Ç®ÎÊÌâ | ¸ß | ·Ö¼¶²É¹ºÕ½ÂÔ + ¹æÄ£»£»£»£»¯²É¹º |
ά»¤ÄÑ¶È | ÖÐ | ½¨ÉèרҵϴåªÖÐÐÄ + Ö°Ô±Åàѵ |
±ê×¼Ö´ÐÐ | ¸ß | ÖÆ¶©Ïêϸ²Ù×÷Ö¸ÄÏ + ¼àÊÓ»úÖÆ |
Êг¡ÈÏÖª | ÖÐ | ¿ªÕ¹Ðûµ¼»î¶¯ + Ê÷Ä£ÏîÄ¿ |
ÊÖÒÕÖ§³Ö | ÖÐ | ½¨ÉèÊÛºó·þÎñϵͳ + ÊÖÒÕ½»Á÷ƽ̨ |
ÔÚ±ê×¼Ö´Ðз½Ã棬£¬£¬²¿·ÖÆóÒµ¶ÔÈ«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÏà¹Ø¹ú¼Ò±ê×¼Ã÷È·²»·óÉîÈ룬£¬£¬µ¼Ö²ɹººÍʹÓÃÀú³ÌÖзºÆðÎó²î¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬ÓÐЩÆóҵδÄÜÑÏ¿áÆ¾Ö¤GB/T 17591-2006±ê×¼ÒªÇó¾ÙÐÐÃæÁϼì²â¡£¡£¡£Îª´Ë£¬£¬£¬½¨ÒéÖÆ¶©¸üÏêϸµÄʵÑéÖ¸ÄÏ£¬£¬£¬²¢½¨Éè°´ÆÚ¼àÊÓ»úÖÆ£¬£¬£¬È·±£±ê×¼»ñµÃ׼ȷִÐС£¡£¡£
Êг¡ÈÏÖª¶Èȱ·¦Ò²ÊÇÖÆÔ¼È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁÏÍÆ¹ãµÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ¡£¡£¡£Ðí¶àµçÁ¦ÆóÒµ¶ÔÆäÓÅÔ½ÐÔÄܺͺã¾Ã¾¼ÃÐ§ÒæÈ±·¦×ã¹»ÊìϤ¡£¡£¡£¿£¿£¿£¿£¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¿ªÕ¹×¨Ìâ×êÑлᡢ×éÖ¯ÏÖ³¡ÑÝʾµÈ·½Ê½£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßÆóÒµµÄÈÏ֪ˮƽ¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬½¨ÉèÊ÷Ä£ÏîÄ¿£¬£¬£¬ÈÃÆóÒµÇ××ÔÌåÑéÃæÁϵÄÏÖʵЧ¹û£¬£¬£¬ÓÐÖúÓÚÏû³ýÒÉÂÇ¡£¡£¡£
ÊÖÒÕÖ§³ÖϵͳµÄÍêÉÆÍ¬ÑùÖÁ¹ØÖ÷Òª¡£¡£¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬£¬£¬²¿·ÖÆóÒµÔÚʹÓÃÀú³ÌÖÐÓöµ½ÊÖÒÕÎÊÌâʱÄÑÒÔ»ñµÃʵʱÓÐÓõÄ×ÊÖú¡£¡£¡£½¨ÒéÃæÁÏÉú²úÆóÒµ½¨ÉèרÃŵÄÊÛºó·þÎñÍŶӣ¬£¬£¬Ìṩ´ÓÑ¡²Äµ½Ê¹ÓõÄÈ«³ÌÊÖÒÕÖ§³Ö£¬£¬£¬²¢´î½¨ÊÖÒÕ½»Á÷ƽ̨£¬£¬£¬Ôö½øÂÄÀú·ÖÏíºÍÎÊÌâ½â¾ö¡£¡£¡£
±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬»¹ÐèÒª¹Ø×¢ÃæÁϹ©Ó¦Á´µÄÎȹÌÐÔ¡£¡£¡£È«ÃÞ×èÈ¼ÃæÁϵÄÉú²úÉæ¼°ÖØ´óµÄ¹¤ÒÕÁ÷³ÌºÍÌØÊâÖÊÁÏ£¬£¬£¬ÈÝÒ×Êܵ½Êг¡²¨¶¯Ó°Ïì¡£¡£¡£Îª´Ë£¬£¬£¬½¨Ò齨Éè¶àÔª»¯µÄ¹©Ó¦ÉÌϵͳ£¬£¬£¬²¢Í¨¹ýÇ©Êðºã¾ÃÏàÖúÐÒéÀ´°ü¹Ü¹©Ó¦Îȹ̡£¡£¡£
[1] Chen X., Wang Y., Li Z. (2021). Advances in flame-retardant treatment of cotton fabrics. Journal of Textile Science and Engineering, 11(3), 567-578.
[2] Li J., Zhang Q., Liu H. (2020). Performance evaluation of flame-retardant cotton fabrics under high temperature conditions. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 152, 106412.
[3] Zhang L., Wang X. (2019). Arc flash protection performance of flame-retardant workwear materials. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(3), 2876-2883.
[4] EPRI Report (2018). Evaluation of Flame-Retardant Workwear in Electric Power Industry. Palo Alto, CA: Electric Power Research Institute.
[5] National Grid UK Safety Report (2020). Implementation of Flame-Retardant Fabrics in Protective Clothing. London: National Grid plc.
[6] Hydro-Quebec Safety Improvement Study (2019). Economic and Safety Benefits of Flame-Retardant Workwear. Montreal: Hydro-Quebec Research Institute.
[7] EnergyAustralia Safety Innovation Report (2020). Comparative Analysis of Flame-Retardant Materials in Electrical Workwear. Sydney: EnergyAustralia Ltd.
[8] ECHA Report (2021). Environmental Assessment of Halogen-Free Flame Retardants. Helsinki: European Chemicals Agency.
[9] CTA Analysis Report (2022). Cost-Benefit Analysis of Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabrics in Industrial Applications. Beijing: China Textile Association.
[10] National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (2021). Guidelines for Maintenance of Flame-Retardant Protective Clothing. Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH Publications.
ÃâÔðÉùÃ÷£º±¾Õ¾Ðû²¼µÄÓÐЩÎÄÕ²¿·ÖÎÄ×Ö¡¢Í¼Æ¬¡¢ÒôƵ¡¢ÊÓÆµÈªÔ´ÓÚ»¥ÁªÍø£¬£¬£¬²¢²»´ú±í±¾ÍøÕ¾¿´·¨£¬£¬£¬Æä°æÈ¨¹éÔ×÷ÕßËùÓС£¡£¡£ÈôÊÇÄú·¢Ã÷±¾Íø×ªÔØÐÅÏ¢Ëðº¦ÁËÄúµÄÈ¨Òæ£¬£¬£¬ÈôÓÐÇÖȨ£¬£¬£¬ÇëÁªÏµ¿¨¿¨ÍåÌü£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃǻᾡ¿ì¸ü¸Ä»òɾ³ý¡£¡£¡£
ÁªÏµÈË£ºÑî˾Àí
ÊÖ »ú£º13912652341
ÓÊ Ï䣺34331943@qq.com
¹« ˾£º¿¨¿¨ÍåÌü
µØ Ö·£º½ËÕÊ¡À¥É½ÊÐÐÂÄÏÖз567ºÅË«Ðǵþ×ùA2217